Tens Physiotherapy

Use of TENS (Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation) machine physiotherapy explained

What Is TENS?

TENS stands for Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation. As the name suggests, TENS therapy uses low-voltage electrical currents to relieve pain. It is a non-invasive treatment used by physiotherapists for pain control in people across a range of acute and chronic pain conditions.

How Does TENS Machine Work in Physiotherapy?

A TENS machine is a small, battery-powered device with wires that connect to sticky pads, called electrodes. These pads are placed on the skin around the affected area.

When the TENS machine is turned on, it sends tiny electrical pulses through the pads to the area of your body in pain. One can feel a light tingling sensation. These pulses help reduce pain signals that travel to your brain and spinal cord, which may ease your pain and relax the muscles. The pulses may also trigger your body to release endorphins, which are natural chemicals that help relieve pain. This also helps promote relaxation, and improve quality of life.

When using TENS medically as a therapy, we are talking about using a certain type of electrical current set at specific frequencies that have been researched and proven to be effective.

Symptoms and Conditions Treated with TENS Physiotherapy

Using TENS for physiotherapy can help with many types of pain:

IMPORTANT: TENS therapy must be administered under the guidance of a trained physiotherapist.

Limitations and Side Effects of TENS Machine in Physiotherapy

TENS therapy is generally safe and effective in managing pain. It has been widely used in physiotherapy and has shown positive results in many patients.

However, following proper usage guidelines and safety precautions is important. Side effects from TENS range from uncomfortable buzzing, to skin irritations, to spasms and possible injury.

Care should be taken to avoid sensitive areas, such as the head, throat, chest, and spinal cord. Also, it is important to avoid electrode contact with broken skin, open wounds, or areas with skin irritation or infection. Furthermore, it is crucial to start at the lowest setting to avoid sudden discomfort.

Contraindications for TENS in Physiotherapy

Following are the contraindications for using transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS):

Treatment Parameters for TENS Physiotherapy

The treatment parameters for TENS in physiotherapy are carefully customized to meet the specific needs of each patient. The key parameters that therapists adjust during TENS therapy include:

Frequency or Pulse Rate based on immediate or long-term pain relief goals
Intensity to determine the strength of the electrical current delivered
Pulse Width, to address surface / superficial or deeper tissues
Mode
Treatment Duration
Electrode Placement
Patient Comfort and Adjustments

These parameters allow physiotherapists to customize TENS treatment to effectively manage various types of pain, optimizing outcomes based on individual patient needs and pain response. With its versatility, TENS therapy is a valuable tool in the field of physical therapy. Remember to always consult with a medical practitioner to ensure safety and effectiveness.

Application of TENS in Physiotherapy Treatments

How is TENS Applied in Physiotherapy Treatments?

TENS therapy works by delivering electric currents to the body through electrodes placed on the skin.

During a TENS physiotherapy session, the electrodes are placed near the area of pain or discomfort. If the pain is more widespread, the electrodes might be placed at specific trigger points or nerve paths that control sensation in the painful area.

A professional therapist will determine the optimal settings based on the symptoms of pain levels. Typically, the electrical stimulation starts with a low intensity and gradually increases as needed. You may feel a tingling sensation or mild muscle twitches during the therapy, but it should not cause discomfort.

TENS may be used as part of a regular physiotherapy routine, often several times a week. The physiotherapist may adjust treatment frequency based on your progress and pain reduction over time.

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FAQs

How long does a typical TENS session last?

TENS sessions usually last between 15-30 minutes, but this can vary depending on the treatment goal and patient tolerance. The physiotherapist will plan and adjust the mode, duration and intensity of your TENS treatment based on the condition and your body response.

Can TENS be used for sports injuries?

TENS helps manage pain, reduces swelling, and relaxes muscles for both acute and chronic sports injury, like muscle strains, ligament sprains, joint injuries, and tendon pain.

For athletes who have undergone surgery, such as ACL reconstruction or rotator cuff repair, TENS can provide post-operative pain relief and minimize the need for pain medication. It enhances circulation, speeds recovery, and supports post-surgery rehab, enabling athletes to regain mobility and return to training faster.

What should I expect during a TENS therapy session?

During TENS therapy, electrodes are placed on painful areas. Gentle electrical pulses create a tingling sensation, reducing pain and relaxing muscles. A TENS session lasts 15-30 minutes and is comfortable, not painful.

How often should I use TENS therapy for optimal results?

TENS may be used multiple times a day for acute pain, or a few times per week for chronic pain. The physiotherapist regularly reviews the patient’s pain levels and progress to adjust the TENS treatment plan.

Can TENS therapy be used in combination with other treatments?

In physiotherapy, TENS is typically part of a larger treatment plan, aimed at not just reducing pain but supporting muscle relaxation, improving blood flow, and promoting healing. The physiotherapist may combine TENS with other therapies, like exercises or stretches, to enhance overall recovery.

How much does TENS therapy typically cost per session?

In India, the cost of a TENS therapy session typically ranges from ₹300 to ₹800 per session, depending on the clinic, therapist expertise, and location. In general, it is more effective to use TENS as a part of a comprehensive pain management or treatment plan, where the charges will be for overall treatment and not just applying TENS machine.

Therapies available at ReLiva Physiotherapy & Rehab

Physiotherapists use a combination of advanced and specialised therapies for effective pain relief, improved movement and faster recovery.